Related Experiment Videos
Vitamin D status in Andhra Pradesh : a population based study.
C V Harinarayan1, T Ramalakshmi, U V Prasad
1Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences Tirupati, India. cvhari5endo@rediffmail.com
The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|May 24, 2008
Summary
Vitamin D deficiency is common in India despite tropical climate. Low dietary calcium and vitamin D levels negatively impact bone health, necessitating further research on bone mineral density and fracture risk.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Vitamin D status in tropical India is poorly documented, with an assumption of rarity of deficiency.
- This study addresses the lack of data on vitamin D and calcium levels in the Indian population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To document dietary habits, serum calcium, 25(OH)vitamin D [25(OH)D], and parathyroid hormone levels.
- To compare these levels between urban and rural populations in South India.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 943 urban and 205 rural adults, and 76 urban and 70 rural children.
- Assessment of dietary patterns, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, 25(OH)D, and intact parathyroid hormone (N-tact PTH).
Main Results:
- Low daily dietary calcium intake was observed in both urban and rural populations compared to Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recommendations.
- Rural populations exhibited significantly lower dietary calcium and phosphorus, and higher phytate to calcium ratios than urban populations.
- While rural adults had higher 25(OH)D levels than urban adults, both urban and rural children displayed low 25(OH)D levels. N-tact PTH levels negatively correlated with 25(OH)D.
Conclusions:
- Low dietary calcium and 25(OH)D levels are linked to impaired bone mineral homeostasis.
- Further longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate the impact on bone mineral density and fracture rates.
Related Concept Videos
01:23Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin D3(cholecalciferol).
01:25Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
01:22Connective Tissue Cell Types
Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...