Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2026
07:48
Working with Human Tissues for Translational Cancer Research
Published on: November 26, 2015
Translational research: from benchside to bedside
N C Keramaris1, N K Kanakaris, C Tzioupis
1Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals, University of Leeds, Great George Street, Leeds LS1 3EX, UK.
Injury
|May 30, 2008
Summary
Translational research bridges basic science and clinical practice, requiring new academic structures. This is especially critical in trauma medicine to advance patient care.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Translational Research
- Medical Practice
Background:
- Bridging the gap between basic science discoveries and clinical application is a significant challenge in modern medicine.
- Translational research is an emerging discipline designed to overcome this gap.
- It integrates laboratory findings with clinical needs, public health, policy, and economics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the importance and scope of translational research.
- To propose strategies for advancing translational research.
- To emphasize the need for new academic roles in this field.
Main Methods:
- The study reviews the components and approaches of translational research.
- It discusses the integration of various disciplines including political-economic, ethical-social, and educational-scientific aspects.
- It suggests organizational changes within academic teams.
Main Results:
- Translational research is essential for the progress of contemporary biomedical science.
- Reorganization of academic teams and the creation of new, translationally focused academic positions are key to its advancement.
- There is a notable lack of awareness regarding translational research, particularly in trauma medicine.
Conclusions:
- Translational research is crucial for translating scientific advancements into clinical practice.
- Implementing translational research requires structural changes in academia, including new faculty roles.
- Urgent attention and development are needed in fields like trauma medicine to embrace translational research.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Translational Regulation
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
01:20Cotranslational Protein Translocation
Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
02:28Leaky Scanning
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
01:31Translation
Lesson: Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
02:07Improving Translational Accuracy
Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...