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Ecosystem feedbacks and nitrogen fixation in boreal forests.

Thomas H DeLuca1, Olle Zackrisson, Michael J Gundale

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In boreal forests, rapid nitrogen cycling leads to increased nitrogen deposition. This deposition down-regulates nitrogen fixation by moss-associated microbes, demonstrating a key ecosystem feedback mechanism.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Forest Science
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Biological feedback mechanisms are crucial for ecosystem processes and productivity.
  • Terrestrial nitrogen fixation regulation via ecosystem-level feedback is poorly understood.
  • Boreal forests are vital ecosystems with complex nutrient cycling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate ecosystem-level feedback mechanisms regulating nitrogen fixation in boreal forests.
  • To document the down-regulation of terrestrial nitrogen fixation.
  • To understand the role of forest canopy in controlling nitrogen input.

Main Methods:

  • Studied nitrogen cycling in early secondary succession boreal forests.
  • Measured throughfall nitrogen deposition.
  • Assessed nitrogen fixation rates by cyanobacteria in feather moss.

Main Results:

  • Rapid nitrogen cycling in early succession forests increased nitrogen deposition via throughfall.
  • Increased nitrogen deposition significantly decreased nitrogen fixation by cyanobacterial associates.
  • The forest canopy demonstrated a strong control over biotic nitrogen input during high productivity periods.

Conclusions:

  • A novel ecosystem-level feedback mechanism down-regulating terrestrial nitrogen fixation was identified in boreal forests.
  • Forest canopy control over nitrogen deposition influences microbial nitrogen fixation.
  • Findings highlight the intricate regulation of ecosystem processes by biological feedbacks.