The study of E-cadherine and CD44 immunoexpression in oral squamous cell carcinoma

In spite of the progresses achieved in surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unchanged among past three decades, which made this neoplasia a major problem of health in the entire world. There were investigated 42 cases of OSCC with different sites and various grades of differentiation, by histological and immunohistochemical techniques (by LSAB/HRP method), using E-cadherine and CD44. Considering the differentiation grade, the cases were histopathologically classified as 9 cases of well-differentiated squamous carcinoma, 14 cases of moderately differentiated squamous carcinoma, and 19 cases of poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma. The E-cadherine immunoexpression study indicated an immunostaining degree 3 in well-differentiated squamous carcinoma, 2 in moderately differentiated squamous carcinoma, and 1 in poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma. The results of CD44 immunostaining indicated in most of the cases an immunostaining degree 2, especially in moderately differentiated OSCC. The immunostaining degree 3 corresponded to nine cases of well-differentiated OSCC, and other two cases of moderately differentiated OSCC. Immunostaining degree 1 corresponded to poorly differentiated OSCC. The results indicate the possibility of using the two-immunohistochemical markers as prognostic factors in OSCC.