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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels01:12

Mechanically-gated Ion Channels

Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
GPCR Desensitization01:12

GPCR Desensitization

G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels01:21

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision.  The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory organs,...
Nociception01:44

Nociception

Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain. Thus, pain helps the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Single-Cell Calcium Imaging for Studying the Activation of Calcium Ion Channels
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Single-Cell Calcium Imaging for Studying the Activation of Calcium Ion Channels

Published on: December 13, 2024

[Capsaicin receptor TRPV1].

Makoto Tominaga1

  • 1Section of Cell Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Higashiyama 5-1, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8787, Japan.

Brain and Nerve = Shinkei Kenkyu No Shinpo
|June 4, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a capsaicin receptor activated by heat and acids. TRPV1 antagonists are being investigated as potential pain relief medications.

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Controllable Ion Channel Expression through Inducible Transient Transfection

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a key ion channel involved in pain and heat sensation.
  • TRPV1 is activated by capsaicin, protons, noxious heat, and lipids.
  • Studies in TRPV1 knockout mice highlight its significant role in behavioral responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the accumulated knowledge on TRPV1.
  • To discuss the agonists, activation mechanisms, and structural basis of TRPV1.
  • To provide an update on clinical trials for TRPV1 antagonists as analgesics.

Main Methods:

  • Heterologous expression systems for cloned channels.
  • Studies on native sensory neurons.
  • Behavioral studies using TRPV1 knockout mice.

Main Results:

  • TRPV1 is activated by multiple nociceptive stimuli.
  • TRPV1 plays a crucial role at the behavioral level.
  • Significant information has been gathered on TRPV1's agonists, regulation, and structure since its cloning in 1997.

Conclusions:

  • TRPV1 is a well-characterized receptor with diverse activating stimuli.
  • TRPV1 antagonists show promise as novel analgesic agents.
  • Ongoing clinical trials may lead to new pain management therapies.