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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

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Fluctuation spectroscopy of granularity in superconducting structures.

I V Lerner¹, A A Varlamov, V M Vinokur

¹School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT Birmingham, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|June 4, 2008

Summary

Fluctuation spectroscopy can detect granularity in disordered metals near superconducting transitions. Resistance initially increases then decreases with temperature due to electron tunneling and Cooper pair effects, sensitive to magnetic fields.

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Area of Science:

Condensed Matter Physics
Materials Science

Background:

Disordered metals near superconducting transitions exhibit complex electrical properties.
Understanding granularity is crucial for predicting material behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce fluctuation spectroscopy as a method for detecting granularity.
To analyze the temperature-dependent resistance behavior in granular disordered metals.

Main Methods:

Utilizing fluctuation spectroscopy to probe material granularity.
Measuring resistance R(T) as a function of temperature T.
Investigating the influence of magnetic fields on resistance.

Main Results:

Observed initial resistance increase due to suppressed one-electron tunneling.
Observed resistance decrease at lower temperatures due to coherent charge transfer of fluctuation Cooper pairs.
Identified a magnetic field sensitivity in the resistance maximum via a Maki-Thompson-type mechanism.

Conclusions:

Fluctuation spectroscopy is a viable method for detecting granularity in disordered metals.
The observed resistance behavior is explained by competing electronic transport mechanisms.
A novel Maki-Thompson-type mechanism influences resistance in magnetic fields near the superconducting transition.