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Related Experiment Video

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Fabrication of Gate-tunable Graphene Devices for Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies with Coulomb Impurities

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Universal optical conductance of graphite.

A B Kuzmenko¹, E van Heumen, F Carbone

¹DPMC, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.

Physical Review Letters

|June 4, 2008

Summary

Optical sheet conductance in graphite closely matches theoretical values for isolated graphene layers. Interplane hopping minimally impacts conductance, while temperature shifts spectral weight, impacting optical properties.

Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Materials science
Optical properties of materials

Background:

Graphene exhibits unique electronic and optical properties.
Graphite is a layered material composed of graphene sheets.
Understanding inter-plane interactions is crucial for graphite's properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To experimentally determine the optical sheet conductance of graphite per graphene layer.
To theoretically explain the observed conductance using the Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure model.
To analyze the influence of inter-plane hopping and temperature on optical spectral weight.

Main Methods:

Experimental measurement of optical sheet conductance.
Theoretical modeling using the Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure (SWM) model.

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f-sum rule analysis to study spectral weight changes.

Main Results:

Experimental optical sheet conductance is approximately (pi/2)e^2/h, matching theoretical dynamical conductance for isolated monolayer graphene.
SWM model calculations show inter-plane hopping has minimal effect on conductance between 0.1-0.6 eV.
f-sum rule analysis reveals temperature-dependent Drude spectral weight increase at the expense of low-energy optical transitions.

Conclusions:

Graphite's optical sheet conductance per layer is remarkably similar to isolated graphene.
Inter-plane hopping in graphite does not significantly alter optical conductance in the studied energy range.
Temperature-induced changes in spectral weight redistribute optical absorption characteristics.