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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial exposure to a...
Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
Types of Hypersensitivities
Hypersensitivity reactions are categorized into four types: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3, and Type 4. Each type has a distinct mechanism...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
06:13

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump

Published on: February 5, 2021

Hypersensitivity reactions associated with endovascular devices.

Golara Honari1, Stephen G Ellis, Bruce L Wilkoff

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.

Contact Dermatitis
|June 10, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Allergic reactions to endoprostheses, including cardiovascular devices, are rare but can cause complications. This review examines biomaterial hypersensitivity and immunotoxicity in endovascular implants.

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

The Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump
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Published on: February 5, 2021

Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound
13:48

Reduction of Radiation Exposure during Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease Combining Fiber Optic RealShape Technology and Intravascular Ultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Allergic reactions to endoprostheses are infrequent but can occur with various implanted devices.
  • Hypersensitivity to biomaterials in endovascular prostheses may cause local or systemic issues post-cardiovascular intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential immunotoxic effects of common biomaterials used in endovascular devices.
  • To summarize reported hypersensitivity reactions associated with endovascular prostheses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of immunotoxic effects of biomaterials.
  • Review of case reports and studies on hypersensitivity reactions to endovascular devices.

Main Results:

  • Biomaterials in endoprostheses can elicit hypersensitivity reactions.
  • Specific endovascular devices like stents and pacemakers have been associated with such reactions.

Conclusions:

  • While uncommon, hypersensitivity to endovascular device biomaterials is a recognized clinical concern.
  • Further research into biomaterial immunogenicity is warranted to improve patient safety.