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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
Types of Semiconductors01:20

Types of Semiconductors

Intrinsic semiconductors are highly pure materials with no impurities. At absolute zero, these semiconductors behave as perfect insulators because all the valence electrons are bound, and the conduction band is empty, disallowing electrical conduction. The Fermi level is a concept used to describe the probability of occupancy of energy levels by electrons at thermal equilibrium. In intrinsic semiconductors, the Fermi level is positioned at the midpoint of the energy gap at absolute zero. When...
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:27

Biasing of Metal-Semiconductor Junctions

Biasing metal-semiconductor junctions involves applying a voltage across the junction. Specifically, the metal is connected to a voltage source, while the semiconductor is grounded. This technique is essential for controlling the direction and magnitude of current flow in electronic devices, including diodes, transistors, and photovoltaic cells.
In Schottky junctions, where the semiconductor is n-type, applying a positive voltage to the metal relative to the semiconductor reduces its Fermi...

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Silicon Metal-oxide-semiconductor Quantum Dots for Single-electron Pumping
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Charge-order fluctuations in one-dimensional silicides.

Changgan Zeng1, P R C Kent, Tae-Hwan Kim

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1200, USA.

Nature Materials
|June 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers created long, uniform YSi(2) nanowires for nanoelectronics. These wires exhibit unique quantized widths and charge-order fluctuations, paving the way for novel electronic devices.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metallic nanowires are crucial for nanoelectronic interconnects.
  • Understanding one-dimensional electronic conductivity is key for advanced devices.
  • Self-assembly offers a route to fabricating complex nanostructures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize exceptionally long and uniform YSi(2) nanowires.
  • To investigate the electronic properties and structural characteristics of these one-dimensional systems.
  • To explore the potential of collective phenomena like charge ordering in nanoelectronic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of YSi(2) nanowires via self-assembly of yttrium atoms on Si(001).
  • Characterization using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM).
  • Theoretical analysis through first-principles calculations.

Main Results:

  • Achieved fabrication of exceptionally long and uniform YSi(2) nanowires.
  • Observed quantized wire widths in odd multiples of the Si substrate lattice constant.
  • Identified van Hove singularities and charge-order fluctuations below 150 K in the thinnest wires, resembling isolated Peierls chains.
  • Discovered that quantized width variations create built-in Schottky junctions.

Conclusions:

  • YSi(2) nanowires represent a near-ideal system for studying one-dimensional electronic phenomena.
  • The electronic properties are influenced by finite-size effects and temperature scaling of charge ordering.
  • Charge ordering phenomena in these nanowires can potentially be harnessed for nanoelectronic devices.