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Assessment of Morphine-induced Hyperalgesia and Analgesic Tolerance in Mice Using Thermal and Mechanical Nociceptive Modalities
Published on: July 29, 2014
Behavioural sensitization in mice induced by morphine-glucuronide metabolites
Marte Handal1, Ase Ripel, Svetlana Skurtveit
1Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Division of Forensic Toxicology and Drug Abuse, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway. marte.handal@fhi.no
Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior
|June 17, 2008
Summary
Morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) causes long-lasting locomotor sensitization similar to morphine. Morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) also sensitizes morphine-induced activity, suggesting these metabolites contribute to opioid addiction.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Sensitization is a key mechanism in drug addiction.
- Morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) and morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G) are major metabolites of morphine and heroin.
- The role of these metabolites in sensitization has not been previously investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of M6G and M3G in the development of behavioral sensitization.
- To compare the sensitization effects of M6G and M3G with morphine.
- To examine cross-sensitization between morphine and its glucuronide metabolites.
Main Methods:
- Mice received repeated injections of M6G, M3G, or morphine.
- Locomotor activity was measured to assess sensitization.
- Different dosing intervals and sequences were used to study the duration and cross-sensitization effects.
Main Results:
- M6G induced locomotor sensitization comparable to morphine after the first injection.
- Both M6G and morphine induced sensitization lasting up to 18 days.
- Morphine induced cross-sensitization to M6G, but M6G did not cross-sensitize to morphine.
- M3G pretreatment sensitized morphine-induced locomotor activity.
Conclusions:
- M6G induces long-lasting sensitization, similar but not identical to morphine.
- M3G can sensitize morphine-induced locomotor activity.
- These findings suggest that morphine-glucuronide metabolites may play a significant role in the development of morphine addiction.

