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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

Published on: December 5, 2025

Task set and prefrontal cortex.

Katsuyuki Sakai¹

¹Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. ksakai@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Annual Review of Neuroscience

|June 19, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study explores how the brain implements task sets, which are configurations of cognitive processes for task performance. Neural data from the prefrontal cortex helps explain task-switching behaviors and how the brain controls thoughts and actions.

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Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2012

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

Online Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of Dorsomedial and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Cognition Decision Making, and Cognitive Dissonance

Published on: December 5, 2025

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Correlating Behavioral Responses to fMRI Signals from Human Prefrontal Cortex: Examining Cognitive Processes Using Task Analysis

Published on: June 20, 2012

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Neurobiology

Background:

Task sets are crucial for cognitive processes and task performance.
The prefrontal cortex is identified as a key neural region for task sets.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate if current neural data adequately explains behaviors within the task set framework.
To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying task set representation, competition, and implementation.

Main Methods:

Review of single-unit and brain-imaging studies.
Analysis of neural selectivity for specific tasks.
Examination of neural competition during task switching.

Main Results:

Neural activity exhibits selectivity in representing specific tasks.
Competition occurs between neural representations of task sets during task switching.
Task sets are implemented neurally to enhance task performance.

Conclusions:

The representation, updating, and implementation of task sets occur in parallel across multiple brain organization levels.
Neural accounts of task sets highlight the brain's role in determining thoughts and behaviors.