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Whole Report versus Partial Report in RSVP Sentences
Mary C Potter1, Mark Nieuwenstein, Nina Strohminger
1Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Journal of Memory and Language
|June 24, 2008
Summary
Target words within sentences avoid the attentional blink when the entire sentence is processed. This suggests the blink arises from target selection, not memory of the first target.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Psychology
- Experimental Psychology
- Attention Research
Background:
- Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) allows sentence comprehension at 10 words/s.
- The attentional blink impairs detection of a second target presented shortly after a first.
- This blink is absent when all items must be reported, suggesting a role beyond simple memory.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether target words embedded within sentences are susceptible to the attentional blink.
- To differentiate between memory processing and target selection as causes of the attentional blink.
Main Methods:
- Participants processed 10-word sentences using rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP).
- Two experimental conditions: partial report (identifying 2 target words) and whole report (identifying the entire sentence).
- Target words were identified by color or case.
Main Results:
- A significant attentional blink was observed for the second target in the partial report condition.
- In the whole report condition, the second target was recalled effectively, with no blink.
- Processing scrambled sentences eliminated the whole report benefit but did not affect the partial report blink.
Conclusions:
- The attentional blink is not caused by memory limitations for the first target.
- Target selection, particularly when incompatible with concurrent sentence processing, is the critical factor causing the attentional blink.
- Sentence processing may facilitate the integration of targets, thus preventing the attentional blink.
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