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Do Obligations Follow the Mind or Body?

John Protzko1,2, Kevin Tobia3, Nina Strohminger4

  • 1Deparment of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Personal identity and obligations depend on whether people prioritize the mind or body. Cognitive science reveals three groups: body-followers, mind-followers, and splitters, influencing legal and moral duties.

Keywords:
IdentityObligationsResponsibility

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Moral and Legal Philosophy

Background:

  • The philosophical debate on personal identity over time centers on whether continuity of mind or body defines a person.
  • Cognitive science investigates lay intuitions regarding personal identity through hypothetical scenarios, extending philosophical thought experiments.
  • Personal identity is crucial for understanding the persistence of moral and legal obligations over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how people assign obligations in hypothetical cases where a person's mind and body diverge.
  • To explore the relationship between personal identity intuitions and the persistence of obligations.
  • To identify factors influencing judgments about identity and obligations in mind-body divergence scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Presented participants with hypothetical scenarios involving mind-body divergence (e.g., brain transplants).
  • Assessed participants' judgments regarding the assignment of obligations in these scenarios.
  • Analyzed responses based on factors like mind/body dualism, essentialism, education, and professional training.

Main Results:

  • Participants were divided into three distinct groups: 'body-followers,' 'mind-followers,' and 'splitters' regarding obligation assignment.
  • Responses were significantly predicted by individual differences in dualism, essentialism, education, and professional background.
  • Professionals (lawyers, accountants, bankers) showed a stronger tendency to prioritize bodily continuity for tracking obligations.

Conclusions:

  • Intuitions about personal identity and the persistence of obligations are heterogeneous.
  • Judgments about identity in mind-body divergence cases influence the perceived continuity of obligations.
  • Professional training can shape intuitions about personal identity, impacting the legal standing of obligations.