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Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Published on: January 12, 2024

Plasmablastic lymphoma in the orbit: case report.

Alejandra A Valenzuela¹, Nathan J Walker, Timothy J Sullivan

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Eyelid, Lacrimal, and Orbital Clinic, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital and the University of Queensland Medical School, Brisbane, Australia.

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)

|June 24, 2008

Summary

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Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), a rare oral cancer in immunocompromised individuals, can unusually affect the eye socket. This aggressive lymphoma presents diagnostic challenges and limited treatment options, impacting survival.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Hematology
Ophthalmology

Background:

Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare, aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma predominantly affecting the oral cavity in immunocompromised patients.
PBL is characterized by a distinct immunophenotype with weak B-cell marker expression and strong plasma cell marker reactivity (CD138, CD38, EMA).
The prognosis for PBL is generally poor due to aggressive behavior and limited treatment efficacy.

Observation:

This report details an unusual case of PBL presenting as rapidly progressive pre-septal brawny induration in the orbit.
The patient had a history of HIV-related lymphoma, highlighting the association between immunodeficiency and PBL.
Ocular adnexa involvement by PBL is exceedingly rare, making this case noteworthy.

Findings:

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Cell-Free DNA Extraction of Vitreous and Aqueous Humor Specimens for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Vitreoretinal Lymphoma

Published on: January 12, 2024

The case demonstrates atypical presentation of PBL outside the oral cavity, specifically involving the orbital region.

Diagnostic challenges arise from the rarity of ocular adnexa PBL and its potential to mimic other orbital pathologies.

Immunophenotypic analysis is crucial for differentiating PBL from other lymphoid malignancies.

Implications:

This case expands the known spectrum of PBL presentation, emphasizing the need for vigilance in immunocompromised patients with orbital symptoms.
Early and accurate diagnosis of ocular adnexal PBL is critical for timely intervention and potentially improving patient outcomes.
Further research into the specific mechanisms and optimal management strategies for rare extranodal PBL presentations is warranted.