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Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction01:29

Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction

Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
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Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology

Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Three Laboratory Procedures for Assessing Different Manifestations of Impulsivity in Rats
09:12

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Published on: March 17, 2019

Assessing impulsivity changes in Alzheimer disease.

Lucien Rochat1, Xavier Delbeuck, Joël Billieux

  • 1Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Lucien.Rochat@pse.unige.ch

Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders
|June 27, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Impulsive behaviors change in Alzheimer disease (AD). A new short scale shows lack of perseverance, premeditation, and urgency increase, while sensation seeking decreases in AD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Impulsive behaviors are prevalent in patients with brain damage, particularly neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer disease (AD).
  • Understanding the specific changes in impulsivity dimensions is crucial for managing behavioral symptoms in dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a concise version of the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale.
  • To assess changes in four key dimensions of impulsivity: urgency, premeditation, perseverance, and sensation seeking, associated with neurodegenerative disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Caregivers of 83 probable Alzheimer disease patients completed a short questionnaire adapted from the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale.
  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were employed to validate the scale's structure and assess its psychometric properties.

Main Results:

  • Factor analyses confirmed a robust model with four distinct latent variables representing the core dimensions of impulsivity.
  • Significant changes in impulsivity were reported: lack of perseverance, lack of premeditation, and urgency increased, whereas sensation seeking decreased following disease onset.

Conclusions:

  • The study confirms the multifaceted nature of impulsivity in Alzheimer disease patients.
  • The validated short UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale offers a valuable tool for understanding and potentially managing behavioral changes in dementia.