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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

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Published on: August 25, 2014

Neonatal abstinence syndrome.

V Tiroumourougane Serane¹, Ommen Kurian

¹The Great Western Hospital, Swindon, United Kingdom. drtmserane@yahoo.com

Indian Journal of Pediatrics

|June 28, 2008

Summary

Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) affects most newborns exposed to methadone during pregnancy, requiring treatment. Infants showing no withdrawal symptoms within three days are unlikely to develop NAS.

Area of Science:

Perinatal Medicine
Neonatalogy
Pharmacology

Background:

Substance misuse during pregnancy poses significant risks to both mother and neonate.
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) is a critical concern in infants exposed to substances in utero.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate substance misuse in pregnant mothers.
To determine the impact of maternal substance misuse on neonatal outcomes, specifically focusing on NAS.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case note review of pregnant mothers and their neonates.
Regular monitoring of infants using Finnegan's score for NAS assessment.
Treatment initiation based on established protocols.

Main Results:

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28 out of 32 neonates developed NAS requiring treatment.
NAS presentation occurred as early as 6 hours, with an average onset at 26 hours.
Maternal methadone dosage correlated with NAS likelihood; common symptoms included irritable cry, increased tone, and tremors.

Conclusions:

The majority of neonates born to mothers on methadone exhibit NAS and necessitate pharmacological intervention.
Neonates without symptoms within the first 72 hours of life are unlikely to develop clinically significant NAS.