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Some lessons from the tissue transglutaminase knockout mouse
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Apoptosis and Genomics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Research Center of Molecular Medicine, University Medical School of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt.98, 4012, Debrecen, Hungary.
Amino Acids
|June 28, 2008
Summary
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a unique enzyme involved in cell signaling and adhesion. Recent studies using TG2 null mice have uncovered novel in vivo functions of this important protein.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Enzymology
Background:
- Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a Ca(2+)-dependent enzyme catalyzing protein modifications.
- TG2 functions uniquely as a G protein in transmembrane signaling and a cell adhesion mediator.
- Its structure reveals domains involved in cytoskeleton regulation, cell adhesion, and cell death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the known and novel biological functions of Transglutaminase 2 (TG2).
- To discuss the in vivo roles of TG2 revealed through studies of TG2 null mice.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on TG2.
- Analysis of data from TG2 null mouse studies.
Main Results:
- TG2 possesses diverse cellular functions, including roles in cell signaling, adhesion, and death.
- Studies in TG2 null mice have identified previously unknown in vivo functions of the enzyme.
Conclusions:
- Transglutaminase 2 plays critical roles in various cellular processes.
- Further investigation into TG2's in vivo functions is warranted to fully understand its biological significance.
