Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2026
06:51
High-throughput Screening of Carbohydrate-degrading Enzymes Using Novel Insoluble Chromogenic Substrate Assay Kits
Published on: September 20, 2016
Kinetic models for enzymic cellulose degradation in aqueous two-phase systems
C F Mandenius1, B Nilsson, I Persson
1Pure and Applied Biochemistry, University of Lund, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering
|February 20, 1988
Summary
Enzymatic cellulose degradation is improved using aqueous two-phase systems to prevent product inhibition. This method enhances enzyme recycling and reaction efficiency, overcoming limitations of traditional aqueous media.
Area of Science:
- Biotechnology
- Biochemical Engineering
- Enzymology
Background:
- Cellulose hydrolysis by cellulase and beta-glucosidase is key for biofuel and biochemical production.
- Product inhibition by cellobiose and glucose significantly limits reaction rates and overall productivity.
- Aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS) offer a potential solution to overcome these limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of aqueous two-phase systems for enzymatic cellulose degradation.
- To compare existing kinetic models for "one-phase" degradation with data from ATPS.
- To assess the potential for enzyme recycling and improved productivity in ATPS.
Main Methods:
- Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in an aqueous two-phase system.
- Partitioning of enzymes and substrate into one phase, and products into another.
- Comparison of experimental data with three established "one-phase" degradation models.
Main Results:
- The tested models showed good agreement with experimental data from batch degradation over 200 hours.
- Continuous degradation experiments also demonstrated accurate agreement with one of the models.
- Aqueous two-phase systems facilitate enzyme partitioning and product extraction, mitigating product inhibition.
Conclusions:
- Aqueous two-phase systems are a viable strategy to enhance enzymatic cellulose degradation efficiency.
- Mathematical models developed for conventional systems can be adapted to predict performance in ATPS.
- This approach holds promise for more productive and sustainable cellulose bioconversion processes.
Related Concept Videos
01:09Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model
Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the concentration...
01:19Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics
Enzyme kinetics studies the rates of biochemical reactions. Scientists monitor the reaction rates for a particular enzymatic reaction at various substrate concentrations. Additional trials with inhibitors or other molecules that affect the reaction rate may also be performed.
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
01:02Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition
Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of disassembly and...
01:19Enzyme Kinetics
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
01:09In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II
Various dissolution methods are utilized to assess a drug’s dissolution rate, including the flow-through cell, paddle-over-disk, cylinder, and reciprocating disk methods.The flow-through cell apparatus (USP (United States Pharmacopeia) method 4) comprises a reservoir for the dissolution medium and a pump that propels the medium through the cell containing the test sample. This method is crucial for assessing modified-release dosage forms with minimally soluble active ingredients, maintaining...
01:15Theories of Dissolution: Diffusion Layer Model
Dissolution, the process by which drug particles dissolve in a solvent, is explained by the diffusion layer model, a theoretical framework that simulates the absorption of oral drugs and allows us to analyze experimental data.
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...
This process starts with a thin layer, saturated with the drug, forming at the interface between the solid and liquid. The solute then diffuses from this layer into the main solution. The Noyes-Whitney equation suggests that the rate of dissolution relies on the diffusion...