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Osteomyelitis in adolescents

Avinash K Shetty1, Ashir Kumar

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Wake Forest University Health Sciences and Brenner Children's Hospital, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. ashetty@wfubmc.edu

Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews
|July 9, 2008
PubMed

Insights

Osteomyelitis in adolescents, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus, requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Emerging resistant strains necessitate targeted antibiotics and potential surgery to prevent long-term disability.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

  • Osteomyelitis in adolescents is a severe condition with potential for lifelong disability.
  • Hematogenous seeding is the typical route for microbial bone invasion.
  • Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen in acute osteomyelitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the changing landscape of osteomyelitis in adolescents.
  • To highlight the impact of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA).
  • To emphasize critical management strategies for optimal patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on adolescent osteomyelitis.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and evolving treatment paradigms.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • The emergence of invasive CA-MRSA strains alters osteomyelitis epidemiology and management.
  • Antibiotic therapy must specifically target Staphylococcus aureus, including resistant strains.
  • Surgical debridement is crucial for chronic osteomyelitis or associated septic arthritis.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and appropriate medical/surgical intervention are vital to prevent chronic bone destruction.
  • A multidisciplinary approach involving pediatricians, infectious disease specialists, and orthopedic surgeons is essential.
  • Effective management strategies are key to avoiding permanent disability in affected adolescents.

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