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Related Concept Videos

Implicit Memories01:24

Implicit Memories

Implicit memories, also known as non-declarative memories, are long-term memories that function outside of conscious awareness. These memories influence behavior and skills without explicit knowledge. This type of memory is evident in tasks like playing tennis, snowboarding, and texting. Implicit memory has three subsystems: procedural memory, conditioning, and priming. This type of memory is essential in various activities, from everyday tasks to specialized skills.
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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
04:47

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants

Published on: September 18, 2018

Forgotten but not gone: context effects on recognition do not require explicit memory for context.

Daniel A Levy1, Elinor Rabinyan, Eli Vakil

  • 1Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel. daniel.levy@weizmann.ac.il

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|July 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spatial context aids visual recognition memory regardless of whether the context is remembered. This contrasts with temporal context, suggesting different memory mechanisms for spatial and temporal information.

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Olfactory Context Dependent Memory: Direct Presentation of Odorants
04:47

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Published on: September 18, 2018

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory
07:26

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) Task: A Simple Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate False Memories in the Laboratory

Published on: January 31, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Memory research

Background:

  • Context effects on recognition memory are key to understanding associative learning and source memory.
  • Previous research suggests context effects can occur without explicit memory of the context.
  • Contrasting findings exist regarding temporal context reinstatement, with some studies requiring explicit recollection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether spatial-simultaneous context reinstatement affects visual object recognition memory.
  • To determine if explicit recognition of context stimuli is necessary for spatial context effects.
  • To compare the mechanisms underlying spatial-simultaneous versus temporal context effects.

Main Methods:

  • Participants viewed visual objects presented with spatial-simultaneous context stimuli.
  • Recognition memory for objects was tested.
  • Context stimuli were manipulated to assess the impact of reinstatement, with and without explicit recognition of the context.

Main Results:

  • Spatial-simultaneous context reinstatement significantly improved visual object recognition memory.
  • This effect occurred irrespective of whether the context stimuli were explicitly recognized.
  • This finding contrasts with temporal context effects, which appear to rely on recollection.

Conclusions:

  • Spatial-simultaneous context effects on recognition memory do not require explicit recollection of the context.
  • Ensemble unitization during encoding may underlie spatial-simultaneous context effects.
  • Temporal context effects likely depend on recollective processes, suggesting distinct neural mechanisms.