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Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for hire...
Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance01:14

Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance

Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the anxiety of...
Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness01:14

Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness

Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance01:20

Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance

Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable options,...
Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused01:20

Coping Strategies: Emotion Focused

Emotion-focused coping refers to a set of strategies aimed at managing the emotional impact of stressors, rather than directly addressing their causes. This approach involves altering one's emotional response to stressful situations to reduce their psychological effects. For example, individuals might talk with a friend or engage in activities like journaling to express their feelings. Such actions can help achieve emotional clarity or release, providing the psychological stability needed to...
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in situations...

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Related Experiment Video

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Investigating Pain-Related Avoidance Behavior using a Robotic Arm-Reaching Paradigm
09:00

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Published on: October 3, 2020

Understanding clinical anger and violence: the anger avoidance model.

Frank L Gardner1, Zella E Moore

  • 1La Salle University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. gardner@lasalle.edu

Behavior Modification
|July 11, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Clinical anger and aggression stem from avoiding anger, not expressing it. Early aversive experiences lead to cognitive and behavioral avoidance, impacting emotional regulation and treatment strategies for anger.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Emotion Research

Background:

  • Anger is a primary emotion with functional roles.
  • Clinical anger and aggression have severe consequences.
  • Limited theoretical and treatment advancements exist for clinical anger.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the novel Anger Avoidance Model.
  • Provide a new conceptualization of clinical anger and its manifestations.
  • Address the insufficient research attention on clinical anger.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual model development.
  • Theoretical analysis of anger processing and regulation.
  • Integration of cognitive and behavioral avoidance in anger.

Main Results:

  • The Anger Avoidance Model posits that clinical anger arises from avoiding anger experiences.
  • Early aversive history contributes to information processing biases and emotion regulation deficits.
  • Avoidance manifests as hostile rumination (cognitive) and aggression/violence (behavioral).

Conclusions:

  • The Anger Avoidance Model offers a new framework for understanding clinical anger.
  • The model highlights the role of avoidance in anger-related behaviors.
  • Implications for future research and clinical treatment of anger are discussed.