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Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel Disease...
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Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids

Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2),...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
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Antiasthma Drugs: Inhaled Corticosteroids and Glucocorticoids

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are anti-inflammatory drugs used primarily in treating persistent asthma and providing long-term maintenance. They target the bronchial mucosa, the lining of the airways, to control inflammation, a critical factor in asthma progression and exacerbation.
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Acne Infection01:27

Acne Infection

Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...
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Autoimmune Disorders

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Related Experiment Videos

Atopic dermatitis: systemic immunosuppressive therapy.

Arash Akhavan1, Donald Rudikoff

  • 1Department of Dermatology, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
|July 16, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin condition impacting quality of life. This review examines the efficacy and adverse events of systemic agents like methotrexate and cyclosporine for moderate-to-severe AD.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a relapsing, pruritic skin condition significantly affecting patient and family quality of life.
  • Current treatments include emollients, topical corticosteroids, and immunomodulators, but options for moderate-to-severe AD are limited.
  • Several systemic agents, while not FDA-approved for AD, are used off-label for severe cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy data of systemic agents used for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.
  • To discuss the adverse events associated with these systemic treatments.
  • To provide clinicians with evidence-based information for managing severe AD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating systemic agents for atopic dermatitis.
  • Analysis of efficacy and safety data from clinical trials and case reports.
  • Synthesis of information on off-label systemic therapies for AD.

Main Results:

  • Systemic corticosteroids, cyclosporine, azathioprine, interferon-gamma, methotrexate, and mycophenolate mofetil have demonstrated efficacy in treating moderate-to-severe AD.
  • These agents offer treatment options when conventional therapies are insufficient.
  • Each agent carries a distinct profile of potential adverse events that require careful monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Systemic agents can be effective for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, offering therapeutic alternatives.
  • Understanding the efficacy and adverse event profiles is crucial for safe and effective patient management.
  • Further research and potential regulatory approval for these agents in AD treatment may be warranted.