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An ecosystem services framework to support both practical conservation and economic development.

Heather Tallis1, Peter Kareiva, Michelle Marvier

  • 1Department of Biology and Natural Capital Project, Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. htallis@stanford.edu

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 16, 2008
PubMed
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Achieving "win-win" conservation and development projects is challenging, with only 16% of analyzed World Bank projects succeeding. A new framework helps predict outcomes based on ecosystem service management, guiding future environmental and social progress.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology and Environmental Science
  • Conservation Biology
  • Development Studies

Background:

  • The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment highlights the interdependence of human and environmental conditions.
  • Conservation and development initiatives aim for ecological and social progress, often seeking "win-win" outcomes.
  • However, achieving both conservation and economic gains simultaneously is difficult, as evidenced by limited success in World Bank projects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a framework for predicting outcomes (win-win, lose-lose, win-lose) of ecosystem service management.
  • To provide guidance for designing conservation and development projects that advance both environmental and social goals.
  • To emphasize the need for scientific advancements and global monitoring for successful project implementation.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of World Bank projects focused on poverty alleviation and biodiversity protection.
  • Exploration of case studies detailing joint successes and failures in biodiversity conservation and economic development.
  • Development of a predictive framework based on ecosystem service management strategies.

Main Results:

  • Only 16% of analyzed World Bank projects made significant progress on both poverty alleviation and biodiversity protection objectives.
  • Case studies revealed varied outcomes, including "win-win", "lose-lose", and "win-lose" scenarios in ecosystem service management.
  • The study identifies the critical role of ecosystem service production functions and trade-offs in determining project success.

Conclusions:

  • A predictive framework is essential for anticipating the success of integrated conservation and development projects.
  • Scientific understanding of ecosystem services, trade-offs, and robust monitoring are crucial for achieving joint environmental and social benefits.
  • A global monitoring effort is urgently needed to leverage ongoing projects as a large-scale experiment for advancing ecosystem services, conservation, and human well-being.