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Anthropometric studies in diabetes in the Tropics
I Padmalayam1, S John, V Mohan
1Diabetes Research Center, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, Royapuram, Madras, India.
Acta Diabetologica Latina
|January 1, 1991
Summary
Diabetics with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) show significantly lower body mass and fat compared to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and controls. These findings highlight distinct anthropometric profiles in different diabetes types.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nutritional Science
- Human Physiology
Background:
- Diabetes mellitus presents with diverse subtypes, each potentially exhibiting unique physiological characteristics.
- Malnutrition-related diabetes, such as fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), requires specific investigation.
- Understanding anthropometric differences across diabetes types is crucial for targeted management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare anthropometric measurements among patients with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in Southern India.
- To assess body composition differences, including body mass index (BMI) and fat mass, across these diabetic subgroups and control subjects.
- To identify specific anthropometric parameters that differentiate these diabetes types.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study involving three groups of diabetic patients: FCPD (n=49), IDDM (n=55), and NIDDM (n=104), plus a control group.
- Collection of anthropometric data including BMI, skinfold thickness (triceps, biceps, subscapular, suprailiac), mid-arm circumference, and estimated fat mass.
- Statistical analysis to compare parameters between groups, with significance set at p < 0.05.
Main Results:
- Both FCPD and IDDM groups exhibited significantly lower BMI, skinfold thickness, mid-arm circumference, and fat mass compared to controls and NIDDM patients (p < 0.001).
- No significant anthropometric differences were observed between FCPD and IDDM males.
- FCPD females showed significantly lower triceps skinfold (p=0.007) and mid-arm circumference (p<0.05) compared to IDDM females. NIDDM patients showed no significant differences compared to controls.
Conclusions:
- FCPD and IDDM are characterized by reduced body mass and fat mass compared to NIDDM and healthy individuals.
- Distinct anthropometric profiles exist among different types of diabetes mellitus.
- These findings underscore the importance of considering diabetes subtype in nutritional and metabolic assessments.
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