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Related Concept Videos

Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

Sound Waves: Resonance

Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Resonance and Hybrid Structures02:16

Resonance and Hybrid Structures

According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
Parallel Resonance01:23

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:
The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

The de Broglie Wavelength

In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit01:24

Characteristics of Series Resonant Circuit

Series resonance occurs in a circuit containing inductive (L), capacitive (C), and resistive (R) elements connected sequentially. At the resonance frequency, the inductive and capacitive reactances are equal in magnitude but opposite in sign, effectively canceling each other. This causes the circuit's impedance is minimal, primarily determined by the resistance R. The resonant frequency of an RLC circuit is defined as:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
12:18

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

Crystal quartz optical whispering-gallery resonators.

Vladimir S Ilchenko1, Anatoliy A Savchenkov, Jerry Byrd

  • 1OEwaves Inc., 1010 East Union Street, Pasadena, California 91106, USA.

Optics Letters
|July 17, 2008
PubMed
Summary

High-quality crystalline quartz whispering-gallery mode resonators achieve quality factors over 5x10^9. These resonators show electrical tunability, enabling applications in electro-optic modulators and agile filters.

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Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators
12:18

Microwave Photonics Systems Based on Whispering-gallery-mode Resonators

Published on: August 5, 2013

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators
12:21

Stimulated Stokes and Antistokes Raman Scattering in Microspherical Whispering Gallery Mode Resonators

Published on: April 4, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Electrical Engineering

Background:

  • Whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators are crucial for various optical and microwave applications.
  • Achieving high quality factors (Q) and electrical tunability in resonators is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate crystalline quartz WGM resonators with ultra-high quality factors.
  • To investigate the electrical tunability of these resonators.
  • To demonstrate potential photonic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of crystalline quartz WGM resonators.
  • Measurement of resonator quality factors.
  • Demonstration of electrical tunability using x-cut resonators.
  • Characterization of an electro-optic modulator.

Main Results:

  • Achieved quality factors exceeding 5x10^9 in crystalline quartz WGM resonators.
  • Observed significant electrical tunability in x-cut resonators.
  • Demonstrated a 12 GHz electro-optic modulator with a sub-megahertz passband.

Conclusions:

  • Crystalline quartz WGM resonators offer ultra-high Q factors and electrical tunability.
  • These resonators are promising for advanced photonic devices like agile tunable filters, narrow linewidth lasers, and microwave oscillators.