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    We developed a packaged optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonator with low vibration sensitivity. This compact resonator offers a robust frequency reference for precision photonic systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and optical engineering
    • Materials science for resonant devices
    • Precision measurement and metrology

    Background:

    • Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators are sensitive to environmental factors like vibrations.
    • Achieving low vibration sensitivity is crucial for stable optical frequency standards.
    • Existing WGM resonators may lack mechanical robustness for certain applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a packaged optical WGM resonator with significantly reduced vibration sensitivity.
    • To demonstrate the resonator's capability for high-precision laser frequency stabilization.
    • To assess the potential of these resonators as compact and robust frequency references.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication and packaging of an optical WGM resonator.
    • Measurement of fractional frequency shift under vertical and horizontal acceleration (g-force).
    • Utilizing the resonator for laser frequency stabilization and evaluating stability.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved low vibration sensitivity: 10-10/g (vertical) and 10-11/g (horizontal).
    • Resonator operates in the optical domain with an intrinsic quality factor (Q) of ~109.
    • Demonstrated laser relative frequency stability of 3×10-12 at 10 ms integration time.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed packaged optical WGM resonator exhibits excellent low vibration sensitivity.
    • These resonators are suitable for laser frequency stabilization, achieving high stability levels.
    • Optical WGM resonators present a promising solution for compact, robust frequency references in precision photonic systems.