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Related Concept Videos

Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
Human Virome01:26

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...

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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
09:05

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

Human cytomegalovirus microRNAs.

P J Fannin Rider1, W Dunn, E Yang

  • 1Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity, School of Public Health, 140 Warren Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|July 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) encodes unique microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate its complex life cycle. These viral miRNAs are essential for HCMV

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression post-transcriptionally.
  • Over 400 human miRNAs identified, regulating ~30% of gene transcripts.
  • Viral miRNAs are increasingly recognized, with many encoded by human herpesviruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics and significance of microRNAs encoded by Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV).
  • To understand the role of HCMV-encoded miRNAs in the virus's complex life cycle.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of genomic arrangement and expression patterns of HCMV-encoded miRNAs.
  • Comparison of HCMV miRNAs with other known herpesvirus miRNAs.

Main Results:

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Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates
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Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates

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Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR
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Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
09:05

MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

Published on: February 6, 2017

Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates
05:53

Use of In vivo Imaging to Monitor the Progression of Experimental Mouse Cytomegalovirus Infection in Neonates

Published on: July 6, 2013

Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR
09:26

Cerebrospinal Fluid MicroRNA Profiling Using Quantitative Real Time PCR

Published on: January 22, 2014

  • HCMV encodes 14 distinct microRNAs.
  • These HCMV miRNAs exhibit unique genomic arrangements and temporal/spatial expression compared to other herpesvirus miRNAs.
  • HCMV miRNAs contribute to the complexity of the cytomegalovirus genome and its life cycle.

Conclusions:

  • HCMV-encoded miRNAs are a distinguishing feature of this betaherpesvirus.
  • These viral miRNAs play a crucial role in managing the intricate life cycle of HCMV.
  • The presence of miRNAs supports the complexity of HCMV genomes without significant size increase.