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Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

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Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...

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A Protocol for Using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis to Identify the Appropriate Animal Model for Translational Research
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Creating gene set activity profiles with time-series expression data.

T A Knijnenburg1, L F A Wessels, M J T Reinders

  • 1Department of Mediamatics, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands. t.a.knijnenburg@tudelf.nl

International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and Applications
|July 22, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new statistical method for analyzing time-course gene expression data. It helps understand biological processes over time by assessing gene set enrichment and generating activity profiles.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Interpreting genomewide expression data relies on predefined gene sets.
  • Current methods struggle with time-course microarray data analysis.
  • Understanding dynamic biological processes requires statistical significance for temporal changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a statistical testing procedure for gene set enrichment analysis applicable to time-course microarray data.
  • To generate gene-set specific activity profiles that capture temporal behavior.
  • To overcome limitations of existing techniques in analyzing dynamic gene expression patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a statistical testing procedure leveraging the central limit theorem.
  • Applied the technique to time-course microarray datasets.
  • Developed gene-set specific 'activity profiles' to represent temporal trends.

Main Results:

  • Successfully adapted gene set enrichment analysis for time-course data.
  • Generated gene-set specific activity profiles indicating biological process behavior over time.
  • Demonstrated the utility of the new method for analyzing dynamic gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed statistical method enables robust analysis of gene set enrichment in time-course microarray data.
  • Gene-set specific activity profiles provide valuable insights into dynamic biological regulatory mechanisms.
  • This approach enhances the interpretation of complex cellular processes studied over time.