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Blood Typing

Blood Typing

Understanding an individual's blood group is a critical component of transfusion medicine. It ensures compatibility in blood transfusions, organ transplants, and even during pregnancy. Determining these blood groups involves the ABO and Rh blood typing systems, utilizing specific antigens and corresponding anti-sera to identify an individual's blood type.
Antigens are protein molecules that reside on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs). The ABO and Rh blood typing systems target antigens A,...

Blood Types

Blood Types

Human blood is classified into different types based on the presence of antigens on the red blood cell's surface and antibodies in the plasma. Proper identification of blood type is essential for successful blood transfusion. The International Society of Blood Transfusion has identified 38 human blood types based on the surface antigens on the red blood cells. The most common types are ABO, Rh, and MNS blood types.
ABO blood group
ABO antigens are glycoproteins encoded by genes present on...

Disorders of Hemostasis

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.

Rh Blood Group

Rh Blood Group

The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Investigating von Willebrand Factor Pathophysiology Using a Flow Chamber Model of von Willebrand Factor-platelet String Formation

Investigating von Willebrand Factor Pathophysiology Using a Flow Chamber Model of von Willebrand Factor-platelet String Formation

Published on: August 14, 2017

[Type 2N von Willebrand disease (Normandy)].

Alejandro Morales-De la Vega¹, Elba Reyes-Maldonado, Carlos Martínez-Murillo

¹Laboratorio Central, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. ale_morav@yahoo.com.mx

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social

|July 24, 2008

Summary

This study identified 2N von Willebrand disease (vWD) in 10% of patients previously diagnosed with hemophilia A. A specific binding test revealed these cases, enabling accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment for 2N vWD.

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Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Published on: July 10, 2017

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Investigating von Willebrand Factor Pathophysiology Using a Flow Chamber Model of von Willebrand Factor-platelet String Formation

Investigating von Willebrand Factor Pathophysiology Using a Flow Chamber Model of von Willebrand Factor-platelet String Formation

Published on: August 14, 2017

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Live-cell Imaging of Platelet Degranulation and Secretion Under Flow

Published on: July 10, 2017

Area of Science:

Hematology
Clinical diagnostics
Genetic bleeding disorders

Context:

2N von Willebrand disease (vWD) presents similar laboratory findings to mild or moderate hemophilia A.
Distinguishing between these conditions requires specialized testing of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and Factor VIII (FVIII) binding.
Accurate diagnosis is crucial for appropriate patient management and treatment.

Purpose:

To determine the prevalence of 2N vWD in patients initially diagnosed with hemophilia A or type 1 vWD.
To evaluate the utility of a vWF:FVIII binding assay in identifying 2N vWD.
To establish the presence of 2N vWD in the Mexican population.

Summary:

A study included 25 patients with hemophilia A and 5 with suspected type 1 vWD.
A vWF:FVIII binding assay was performed alongside standard coagulation tests.
Three patients diagnosed with hemophilia A showed reduced vWF:FVIII binding, indicative of 2N vWD.

Impact:

This research identified the first cases of 2N vWD in Mexico, with a prevalence of 10%.
The implemented screening method facilitates accurate diagnosis of 2N vWD.
This diagnostic capability will enable the provision of specific and effective treatments for patients with 2N vWD in Mexico.