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Related Concept Videos

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins01:30

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
Disorders of Hemostasis01:24

Disorders of Hemostasis

Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Coagulation01:09

Coagulation

The coagulation phase is a critical part of the body's process to prevent blood loss following injury to blood vessels. It involves chemical reactions that form a clot to seal the injured area. The clotting process begins shortly after injury, within 15-20 seconds for severe damage and 1-2 minutes for minor injuries.
During the coagulation phase, clotting factors, or procoagulants, play a vital role in initiating and progressing the coagulation cascade. This cascade is a series of reactions...
Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis01:20

Extrinsic and Intrinsic Pathways of Hemostasis

Blood clotting or coagulation involves extrinsic and intrinsic pathways, which ultimately merge into the common pathway, forming a fibrin clot.
The Extrinsic Pathway
The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is typically initiated by tissue damage that exposes blood to tissue factor (TF), a protein released by the damaged tissue cells outside the blood vessels—this interaction with TF triggers biochemical reactions involving specific clotting factors. The key player here is Factor VII, which forms a...
Introduction to Hemostasis01:05

Introduction to Hemostasis

Hemostasis is a complex physiological process that prevents excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. It's crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system, as it ensures that our blood remains fluid while still within the vascular network and yet clots to prevent blood loss upon vessel injury.
The three phases of hemostasis involve many clotting factors present in plasma and several substances released by platelets and injured tissue cells. It is a fast, localized, and...

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A Simple Double Centrifugation Tube Method to Obtain Platelet-rich Plasma from Equine Blood
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A Simple Double Centrifugation Tube Method to Obtain Platelet-rich Plasma from Equine Blood

Published on: August 15, 2025

Equine coagulopathies.

Marjory B Brooks1

  • 1Comparative Coagulation Section, Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Upper Tower Road, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. mbb9@cornell.edu

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
|July 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hemorrhage in horses often stems from vascular injury, but hemostatic failure is a crucial consideration. This article outlines preliminary and definitive tests for diagnosing equine hemostatic defects.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Equine Health
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Hemorrhage is a common clinical sign in horses.
  • Vascular injury is the most frequent cause of bleeding.
  • Hemostatic disorders, though less common, must be considered in the differential diagnosis of bleeding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of diagnostic approaches for hemostatic defects in horses.
  • To guide veterinarians in identifying underlying causes of hemorrhage beyond simple vascular injury.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on equine hemostasis and diagnostic testing.
  • Description of preliminary screening tests for hemostatic function.
  • Outline of definitive diagnostic tests for specific hemostatic defects.

Main Results:

  • Vascular injury is the primary cause of hemorrhage.
  • Screening tests can identify general hemostatic abnormalities.
  • Definitive tests are crucial for pinpointing specific coagulation factor deficiencies or platelet dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • A systematic approach to diagnosing hemorrhage in horses is essential.
  • Considering hemostatic failure alongside vascular injury improves diagnostic accuracy.
  • Appropriate testing aids in timely and effective treatment of bleeding disorders in horses.