Understanding the child with special health care needs: a developmental perspective

Children with special health care needs and their families are becoming a greater part of pediatric nursing practice, and often present with major health and psychosocial needs that interfere with their ability to function. Optimal intervention with these children requires an understanding of their chronic conditions as well as their unique developmental needs. This paper reviews the characteristics of children with special health care needs and introduces some of the most salient theories of child development in order to provide a perspective from which to view this population. A case example that illustrates some of the features discussed is presented. Because a knowledge of theories of child development can improve the care provided to children with special health care needs, it should be included as part of nursing curricula.