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Related Concept Videos

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...
Mechanical Protein Functions01:58

Mechanical Protein Functions

Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 
ATP Synthase: Mechanism01:48

ATP Synthase: Mechanism

In animals, the mitochondrial F1F0 ATP synthase is the key protein that synthesizes ATP molecules through a complex catalytic mechanism. While the nuclear genome encodes the majority of ATP synthase subunits, the mitochondrial genome encodes some of the enzyme's most critical components. The formation of this multi-subunit enzyme is a complex multi-step process regulated at the level of transcription, translation, and assembly. Defects in one or more of these steps can result in decreased ATP...
ATP and Macromolecule Synthesis01:28

ATP and Macromolecule Synthesis

Biological macromolecules are organic compounds, predominantly composed of carbon atoms. The carbon atoms are covalently bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other minor elements. There are four major biological macromolecule classes: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
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Conversion of...
DNA Helicases00:55

DNA Helicases

DNA unwinding helicase enzymes are a type of motor protein. Motor proteins can translocate along filaments or polymers using energy generated from ATP hydrolysis. Helicases are involved in all the important cellular processes where DNA unwinding is required, such as DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription. They are present in all living organisms, but vary in their structure, function, and mechanism of action. For example, in prokaryotes, DnaB helicase binds and translocates...
Mechanical Protein Function01:58

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Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force. 

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In vitro Assembly of Semi-artificial Molecular Machine and its Use for Detection of DNA Damage
08:56

In vitro Assembly of Semi-artificial Molecular Machine and its Use for Detection of DNA Damage

Published on: January 11, 2012

Making molecular machines work.

Wesley R Browne1, Ben L Feringa

  • 1Organic and Molecular Inorganic Chemistry, Stratingh Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.

Nature Nanotechnology
|July 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers are developing synthetic molecular machines for controlled motion. These advancements in nanotechnology enable the creation of smart materials and devices capable of performing useful functions and macroscopic movements.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The field of controlling motion at the molecular level has seen significant recent advances.
  • This includes the development of molecular rotors and progress towards synthetic molecular machines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in molecular motion control and synthetic molecular machine development.
  • To compare different research approaches in constructing molecular machines and devices.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of design principles for controlling linear and rotary motion at the molecular level.
  • Comparison of various research groups' strategies for building synthetic molecular machines.
  • Illustration with examples of molecular rotors, elevators, valves, transporters, and muscles.

Main Results:

  • Advances in constructing synthetic machines capable of performing useful functions.
  • Demonstration of molecular machinery effecting macroscopic movement through concerted molecular motion.
  • Examples of molecular motor systems accomplishing work are presented.

Conclusions:

  • The field of molecular machines is rapidly advancing with prospects for future developments.
  • These advancements hold significant potential for creating smart materials and novel nanotechnology applications.