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Related Concept Videos

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview01:10

Carbon-13 (¹³C) NMR: Overview

Carbon-13 is a naturally occurring NMR-active isotope of carbon with a low natural abundance of 1.1%. In contrast, carbon-12 is the most abundant isotope of carbon with zero nuclear spin. Therefore, it is NMR inactive. The gyromagnetic ratio of carbon-13 is smaller than that of protons. As a result, carbon-13 resonance is about 6000 times weaker than proton resonance. For a given magnetic field strength, the resonance frequency of carbon-13 is about one-fourth of the resonance frequency for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
07:44

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Published on: April 28, 2016

Sorting carbon nanotubes by electronic structure using density differentiation.

Michael S Arnold1, Alexander A Green, James F Hulvat

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3108, USA.

Nature Nanotechnology
|July 26, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Researchers sorted single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by diameter and electronic type using structure-discriminating surfactants. This breakthrough enables the production of highly pure SWNTs for advanced electronic and optical applications.

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Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of Extreme Nanowires and Other 1D Systems
07:44

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Published on: April 28, 2016

Functionalization and Dispersion of Carbon Nanomaterials Using an Environmentally Friendly Ultrasonicated Ozonolysis Process
08:33

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Engineering Molecular Recognition with Bio-mimetic Polymers on Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes
09:28

Engineering Molecular Recognition with Bio-mimetic Polymers on Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Published on: January 10, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • As-synthesized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) exhibit significant heterogeneity.
  • This heterogeneity limits their use in electronics, optics, and sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a method for sorting SWNTs based on diameter, bandgap, and electronic type.
  • To enable the production of highly pure SWNTs for specific applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized structure-discriminating surfactants to create subtle differences in buoyant densities of SWNTs.
  • Employed density-gradient ultracentrifugation for scalable separation.
  • Used competing surfactant mixtures to isolate SWNTs of a single electronic type.

Main Results:

  • Achieved isolation of narrow SWNT distributions with >97% of nanotubes within a 0.02-nm diameter range.
  • Produced bulk quantities of SWNTs with predominantly a single electronic type.
  • Fabricated thin-film electrical devices using sorted metallic or semiconducting SWNTs.

Conclusions:

  • Structure-discriminating surfactants combined with density-gradient ultracentrifugation offer a scalable method for SWNT purification.
  • The sorted SWNTs are suitable for fabricating high-performance electronic devices.
  • This advancement overcomes a major hurdle for the widespread application of SWNTs.