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ITS2 data corroborate a monophyletic chlorophycean DO-group (Sphaeropleales).

Alexander Keller¹, Tina Schleicher, Frank Förster

¹Department of Bioinformatics, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. a.keller@biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de

BMC Evolutionary Biology

|July 29, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The ITS2 secondary structure of green algae reveals that a branched helix I evolved after the Sphaeroplea clade, confirming it as an apomorphic trait within the monophyletic DO-group.

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Area of Science:

Phycology
Molecular Evolution
Phylogenetics

Background:

The ITS2 secondary structure in Chlorophyceae typically features an unbranched helix I.
The Hydrodictyon and Scenedesmus clades, within Sphaeropleales (DO-group), exhibit a ramified helix I.
Previous research left the taxonomic position of the Sphaeroplea clade and the evolutionary origin of branched helix I unresolved.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the monophyly of the DO-group.
To determine if a branched helix I is an apomorphic feature of the DO-group.
To resolve the phylogenetic relationships within the Sphaeropleales using ITS2 sequence-structure data.

Main Methods:

Analysis of secondary structures of three new ITS2 sequences from the Sphaeroplea clade.
Phylogenetic analyses utilizing a combined sequence-structure alignment.
Application of various phylogenetic approaches to resolve relationships.

Main Results:

The ITS2 helix I in Ankyra judayi, Atractomorpha porcata, and Sphaeroplea annulina is unbranched.
Phylogenetic analyses strongly support the Sphaeroplea clade as sister to the core Sphaeropleales, establishing the monophyly of the DO-group.
Sequence-structure characteristics allow differentiation of lineages within green algae.

Conclusions:

A branched helix I in ITS2 secondary structure evolved subsequent to the Sphaeroplea clade in green algae.
Branched helix I is an apomorphic characteristic of the monophyletic DO-group.
Integrating secondary structure into sequence analysis is crucial for robust phylogenetics.