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Production of Biopesticides01:18

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Biopesticides offer a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, utilizing microbial agents to control agricultural pests. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely employed bacterium known for its potent insecticidal activity. Bt biopesticides are favored for their specificity to insect pests, minimal environmental impact, and natural degradability.Mechanism of Bt Toxin Action Bt produces insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins during its sporulation phase. These proteins form parasporal...
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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Quantification of the Potential Impact of Glyphosate-Based Products on Microbiomes
07:42

Quantification of the Potential Impact of Glyphosate-Based Products on Microbiomes

Published on: January 10, 2022

A two-year field study with transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis maize: effects on soil microorganisms.

Adília P Oliveira1, Maria E Pampulha, James P Bennett

  • 1Departamento de Botânica e Engenharia Biológica, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (UTLisbon), Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa, Portugal. adnpoliveira@isa.utl.pt

The Science of the Total Environment
|July 29, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study found that transgenic maize expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin did not significantly alter soil microbial populations or activity. Soil microbiological characteristics remained largely unaffected by Bt maize cultivation under field conditions.

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Published on: July 24, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Microbiology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Transgenic crops, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize, are engineered to express insecticidal proteins.
  • Concerns exist regarding the potential impact of these novel proteins on non-target soil microorganisms.
  • Understanding soil microbial community dynamics is crucial for assessing the ecological safety of genetically modified organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of transgenic Bt maize cultivation on key soil microbiological characteristics.
  • To compare soil microbial parameters in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of Bt maize and its near-isogenic non-Bt counterparts.
  • To assess potential changes in microbial populations and enzyme activities over two growing seasons.

Main Methods:

  • A two-year field experiment utilizing two transgenic Bt maize lines (event 176 and MON 810) and their non-Bt counterparts.
  • Collection of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples throughout the maize growing cycle and at pre-harvest.
  • Measurement of culturable aerobic bacteria (including actinomycetes), fungi, dehydrogenase and nitrogenase enzyme activities, and ATP content.

Main Results:

  • Significant seasonal variations were observed in all measured soil microbial parameters.
  • Distinct differences were noted between rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial characteristics.
  • No generalizable changes in soil microbial populations or community activity were attributed to the presence of Bt maize under the studied field conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The cultivation of transgenic Bt maize, expressing the Cry1Ab protein, did not lead to significant adverse effects on the overall soil microbial community structure or function in this field study.
  • Seasonal and soil compartment (rhizosphere vs. non-rhizosphere) effects were more pronounced than any impacts from Bt maize cultivation.
  • These findings contribute to the ecological risk assessment of Bt maize, suggesting minimal disruption to soil microbial ecosystems.