Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Developing a Clinically Relevant Hemorrhagic Shock Model in Rats
Published on: March 22, 2024
Hemorrhagic activity of the vascular apoptosis-inducing proteins VAP1 and VAP2 from Crotalus atrox
Eiichi Kikushima1, Shiho Nakamura, Yasunori Oshima
1Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Sugashima-cho 429-63, Toba, Mie 517-0004, Japan.
Abstract:
Vascular apoptosis-inducing proteins (VAPs) from hemorrhagic snake venom are apoptosis-inducing toxins that target vascular endothelial cells. We now show that VAP1 and VAP2 from Crotalus atrox have hemorrhagic activity in mouse skin following intradermal injection. Following intravenous injection, VAP2 induced hemorrhage in the lung, intestine and kidney. Although the hemorrhagic activity was relatively weak, these apoptosis toxins may play a role in the complex mechanism of snake venom-induced hemorrhage.
Related Concept Videos
Vascular Spasm
Caspases
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
