[Factors predicting for renal survival in primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis]

In Peru, the incidence of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (PFSGS) has considerably increased in the last decade and at the present; it is the first cause of primary glomerulonephritis in adults. Because of its prevalence and high probability to progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD), we searched for factors with prognostic value for renal survival and proteinuria remission.

Historical cohort of 44 patients. We studied clinical and histological characteristics at the time of renal biopsy and clinical condition and renal function at the end of follow-up. PRINCIPAL OUTCOMES: renal impairment (increase >or=50% of basal creatinine levels and/or ESRD), proteinuria remission (partial 0.3-3.49 g/day and complete < 0.3g/day). Kaplan-Meier's curves and Cox's Multivariate Regression were used.

The 59% of patients were men. The 54.5% had renal failure, 53.5% nephrotic syndrome and 43.2% hypertension or high blood pressure (HBP) at renal biopsy. The frequency of histological variants was: not otherwise specified (NOS) 75%, cellular 13.6%, tip 6.8% and perihilar 4.5%. The 56.8% received steroids for 4.3 +/- 4.5 months and 32% of these patients were corticodependent. After a mean follow-up of 21.6 +/- 27.8 months, the renal function decreased in 18.2% of patients. The 37.8% and 32.4% of patients reached partial and complete proteinuria remission respectively. Treatment with steroids, antihypertensive therapy and IgM and C3 glomerular deposits were associated with a high renal survival. The treatment with steroids was the only factor that forecasted a high renal survival (hazard ratio or HR: 0.07, 0.01-0.9) and proteinuria remission (HR: 0.2, 0.04-0.9). In general, high blood pressure (HR: 6.2, 1.1-35.2), renal failure (HR: 2.9, 1.1-7.6), cellular variant and interstitial fibrosis (HR: 5.2, 1.02-26.7) were prognostic factors for not achieving proteinuria remission.

In primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, treatment with steroids forecasted a high renal survival and proteinuria remission. Renal failure and interstitial fibrosis were prognostic factors for not achieving proteinuria remission.