[Birth trauma as a problem of obstetrics, pediatrics and pathological anatomy]

Birth injury as a nosological entity involves 2 groups of pathological processes: 1) traumatic injuries and 2) dyscirculatory disorders. Either bleeding cannot be classified as cranial injury without specifying its genesis and in the absence of traumatic injuries. Brain compression is one of the traumatic injuries, underestimation of its signs leads to the hyperdiagnosis of fetal asphyxia. The correlations found between the arrangement of periosteal congestion and tentorial injuries and the pattern of calvarial osteectopy help clarify the pathogenesis of a birth injury, but taking into account the biomechanics of labour, which is essential for obstetricians and pathologists.