Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
Published on: January 28, 2019
Conjugate phase plate use in analysis of the frequency response of imaging systems designed for extended depth of
Jorge Ojeda-Castañeda1, J E A Landgrave, Cristina M Gómez-Sarabia
1University of Guanajuato, Campus Salamanca, Guanajuato 36730, México.
Abstract:
We unveil a relationship between generating a point spread function with a pair of conjugate phase elements and visualizing the modulation transfer function (MTF) of a single phase element for a variable focus error, at a tunable spatial frequency. We show that the defocused MTF of a pair of conjugate phase elements can be expressed as the modulus of the second order ambiguity function of a single phase element. Finally, we propose a tunable wavefront coding technique with a pair of quartic (4th power) conjugate phase elements.
Related Concept Videos
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lead Control
The design of phase-lead control involves the strategic placement of poles and zeros to balance steady-state error and system...
Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...
Phase-lead and Phase-lag Controllers
Frequency Response of a Circuit
The transfer function is pivotal in characterizing how these circuits react to various frequencies, facilitating a profound understanding of their behavior. An essential parameter is the time constant, signifying the...
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control
Acting as a low-pass filter, the PI controller slows the system's response and extends settling times. This requires careful...

