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Consequences of Base Time for Redundant Signals Experiments.
James T Townsend1, Christopher Honey
1Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405.
Journal of Mathematical Psychology
|August 2, 2008
Summary
Base time in reaction time tasks reduces the sensitivity of the race model inequality and capacity coefficient to violations. While it decreases statistical power, its impact is likely minor in most studies.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive psychology
- Psychophysics
- Mathematical psychology
Background:
- Reaction time (RT) models are crucial for understanding cognitive processes.
- The race model inequality and capacity coefficient are widely used to assess these models.
- Base time, a component of RT, may influence the diagnosticity of these measures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the analytical and computational effects of base time on the diagnosticity of the race model inequality and capacity coefficient.
- To assess how base time impacts the statistical power and bias of model selection tools.
Main Methods:
- Analytical derivations without distributional assumptions.
- Computational simulations to evaluate statistical power.
- Examination of empirical evidence regarding the proportion of RT variance attributed to base time.
Main Results:
- Base time analytically decreases the sensitivity of both measures to model violations.
- Simulations show base time reduces statistical power and biases the race model test toward conservatism.
- The biasing effect intensifies with a larger proportion of RT variance from base time.
Conclusions:
- Base time can diminish the diagnosticity of popular redundant signals tools.
- Empirical evidence suggests base time's contribution to RT variance is often small, limiting its impact.
- Further research is needed to clarify the definition and magnitude of base time's effects.
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