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Related Concept Videos

Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Engineering a DNA damage response without DNA damage.

ManTek Yeung1, Daniel Durocher

  • 1Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5 Canada.

Genome Biology
|August 2, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers activated the DNA damage checkpoint without DNA damage. This highlights how protein-chromatin interactions are crucial for the DNA damage response pathway.

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Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
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Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

Published on: March 31, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 3, 2026

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
10:59

Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage

Published on: August 21, 2021

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
06:59

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

Published on: March 31, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex network of cellular pathways.
  • This network is essential for maintaining genomic stability.
  • DDR activation typically requires the presence of DNA lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of protein-chromatin associations in DDR activation.
  • To determine if the DNA damage checkpoint can be activated in the absence of actual DNA damage.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying checkpoint activation, amplification, and maintenance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized advanced microscopy techniques to visualize protein-chromatin interactions.
  • Employed genetic manipulation to alter protein-chromatin associations.
  • Assessed DNA damage checkpoint signaling pathways under various experimental conditions.

Main Results:

  • Successfully activated the DNA damage checkpoint without inducing DNA damage.
  • Demonstrated that specific protein-chromatin associations are sufficient for checkpoint activation.
  • Identified key protein-chromatin interactions critical for DDR amplification and maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • Protein-chromatin associations play a pivotal role in initiating and sustaining the DNA damage response.
  • The DNA damage checkpoint can be triggered by architectural cues rather than solely by DNA lesions.
  • Findings provide new insights into the regulation of genomic stability and potential therapeutic targets.