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Updated: Jul 3, 2026

BRET-based G Protein Biosensors for Measuring G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activity in Live Cells
Published on: November 7, 2025
Detection of higher-order G protein-coupled receptor oligomers by a combined BRET-BiFC technique
Jorge Gandia1, Jorge Galino, Olavo B Amaral
1Departament Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Pavelló de Govern, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
Despite some caveats, G protein-coupled receptor oligomerization is a phenomenon that is becoming largely accepted. Within these oligomers, however, stoichiometry remains to be elucidated. Here, by using bimolecular fluorescence complementation, we visualized adenosine A(2A) receptor homodimers in living cells, showing no apparent difference in the subcellular distribution when compared to the YFP-labelled adenosine A(2A) receptor protomer. Interestingly, the combination of bimolecular fluorescence complementation and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer techniques allowed us to detect the occurrence of adenosine A(2A) receptors oligomers containing more than two protomers. These results provide new insights into the molecular composition of G protein-coupled receptor oligomers.
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