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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management01:26

Peripheral Artery Disease IV: Nursing Management

The nursing management of a patient with peripheral artery disease (PAD) begins with a thorough assessment of the patient’s health history and clinical manifestations.AssessmentHealth History: Evaluate the patient’s history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of cardiovascular issues, and lifestyle factors such as dietary patterns, smoking, and physical activity.Physical Examination:Assess the affected extremity for decreased or absent peripheral pulses, temperature changes,...
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:27

Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...

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Predicting Amputation using Local Circulating Mononuclear Progenitor Cells in Angioplasty-treated Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia
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A biomarker panel for peripheral arterial disease.

Eric T Fung1, Andrew M Wilson, Fujun Zhang

  • 1Vermillion, Inc., Fremont, CA, USA.

Vascular Medicine (London, England)
|August 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary

A new biomarker panel including beta 2 microglobulin (beta2M), cystatin C, hsCRP, and glucose can help identify peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This index improves risk assessment beyond traditional factors for better vascular testing and management.

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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
08:42

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research

Published on: October 22, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Vascular Health

Background:

  • Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is prevalent but frequently undiagnosed.
  • Early detection of PAD is crucial for timely vascular testing and management.
  • A reliable biomarker index could significantly improve PAD suspicion and diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a biomarker panel score for predicting peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
  • To assess the predictive power of the biomarker panel compared to conventional risk factors.
  • To enhance the diagnostic suspicion for PAD through a novel biomarker index.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 540 individuals, including those with coronary artery disease (CAD) and PAD, CAD only, and no significant arterial disease.
  • Employed multiple linear regression to create a biomarker panel score predicting ankle-brachial index (ABI).
  • Utilized logistic regression and ROC analysis to evaluate the association between the panel score, PAD status, and known risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Beta 2 microglobulin (beta2M) and cystatin C showed the strongest correlation with ABI, outperforming age, diabetes, and smoking status.
  • A biomarker panel score (beta2M, cystatin C, hsCRP, glucose) was significantly associated with PAD status (OR = 12.4).
  • The panel score remained significant after adjusting for traditional risk factors (OR = 7.3), indicating added value.

Conclusions:

  • A biomarker panel comprising beta2M, cystatin C, hsCRP, and glucose provides valuable information for assessing PAD risk.
  • This panel enhances risk assessment beyond traditional factors, aiding in the identification of individuals needing further vascular evaluation.
  • The findings support the utility of this biomarker index in clinical practice for improving PAD diagnosis and management.