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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System01:20

Disorders of the Male Reproductive System

Men's health issues are increasingly recognized as significant, with several conditions posing common threats. Among these, testicular cancer is especially prevalent in younger men, particularly those aged 20 to 35 years. The disease often manifests as a painless mass in the testicles, sometimes accompanied by a sensation of heaviness or a dull ache.
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation01:17

Male Sexual Response: Erection & Ejaculation

Sexual stimulation can take various forms, such as physical touch and visual or auditory cues. When this happens, the parasympathetic reflex in the sacral portion of the spinal cord is activated. This reflex stimulates the release of nitric oxide (NO), which then dilates the arterioles in the penis, increasing blood flow to the erectile tissues - the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum.
The blood filling the erectile tissues compresses the veins, which helps to prevent blood from leaving...
Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure to...
Penis01:29

Penis

The penis serves a dual role in sexual reproduction and urination. It consists of three main regions: the glans penis, the body, and the root, each with distinct functions and unique anatomical features.
Anatomy of the Penis
The glans penis, or the head, is the terminal part of the penis and houses the external urethral orifice, the exit point for urine and semen. Covered by the prepuce, or foreskin, the glans is noted for its sensitivity and plays a key role in sexual pleasure. The body of the...

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Related Experiment Videos

Penile and systemic endothelial function in men with and without erectile dysfunction.

Yoram Vardi1, Lior Dayan, Boaz Apple

  • 1Neuro-Urology Unit and Recanati Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Rambam Health Campus, and Faculty of Medicine, Technion-IIT, Haifa, Israel. yvardi@rambam.health.gov.il

European Urology
|August 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is linked to impaired penile endothelial function, even without systemic issues. This finding suggests ED may predict future cardiovascular disease, highlighting the importance of assessing penile vasculature.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Urology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Endothelial dysfunction is a key factor in cardiovascular disease mechanisms.
  • Erectile dysfunction (ED) often precedes cardiovascular symptoms, suggesting a shared link through endothelial dysfunction.
  • Assessing endothelial function offers insights into cardiovascular disease development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare penile and systemic endothelial function in men with and without erectile dysfunction (ED).
  • To investigate the role of penile vasculature in ED.
  • To explore the predictive value of ED for cardiovascular disease.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-nine men were divided into two groups: 40 with ED and 19 without (control).
  • Penile and forearm endothelial function were assessed using veno-occlusive plethysmography.
  • Key indices measured included blood flow, vascular resistance, and post-ischemic flow changes (Area Under the Curve).

Main Results:

  • Men with ED exhibited significantly lower penile blood flow and higher penile vascular resistance compared to controls.
  • Forearm endothelial function was comparable between the ED and control groups.
  • Penile endothelial function indices were significantly impaired in men with ED.

Conclusions:

  • Veno-occlusive plethysmography is a reliable method for assessing penile endothelial function.
  • This study provides the first evidence of impaired penile endothelial function in ED without significant peripheral endothelial dysfunction.
  • The findings support the concept that ED can be an early predictor of cardiovascular disease.