Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations01:15

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Steady-State, Minimum and Maximum Concentrations

Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is commonly administered via intermittent intravenous infusion to treat severe infections. An intermittent one-hour infusion of gentamicin, administered at eight-hour intervals, allows for precise control of plasma drug concentrations, minimizing toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy. Pharmacokinetic principles govern the dynamics of plasma concentrations and can be mathematically described using specific equations.The plasma drug concentration...
Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis01:25

Inhibitors of Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Aminoglycosides constitute a highly potent class of bactericidal antibiotics that exert their antimicrobial effects by targeting the bacterial ribosome, specifically disrupting protein synthesis. These polycationic molecules consist of amino-modified sugars linked via glycosidic bonds to an aminocyclitol core such as 2-deoxystreptamine or streptamine. Their strong positive charges facilitate tight binding to the negatively charged phosphate backbone of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), primarily at the 16S...
Production of Antibiotics01:27

Production of Antibiotics

Penicillin, one of the earliest and most widely used antibiotics, is produced industrially by the filamentous fungus Penicillium chrysogenum. Large stirred-tank bioreactors ranging from tens to hundreds of thousands of liters maintain tightly controlled temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen conditions to support fungal metabolism and maximize antibiotic yield. Penicillin is a secondary metabolite, synthesized primarily during the stationary growth phase, which requires a carefully managed...
Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
Estimation of k and VD of Aminoglycosides01:20

Estimation of k and VD of Aminoglycosides

Aminoglycosides are a class of antibiotics used to treat various bacterial infections. Clinicians must determine the elimination rate constant (k) and volume of distribution (VD) to optimize therapeutic efficacy and minimize toxicity. The k value represents the rate at which the drug is removed from the body, and the VD reflects the degree to which the drug distributes into body tissues. Accurately estimating these parameters allows healthcare professionals to tailor drug dosing to individual...
Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis01:28

Inhibitors of Bacterial DNA Synthesis

Bacterial pathogens depend on precise and efficient DNA replication to sustain infection. Two type II topoisomerases—DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV—are critical to this process, as they resolve DNA supercoiling and unlink chromosomes during replication. Fluoroquinolones, synthetic derivatives of quinolones, exploit this mechanism by stabilizing the transient DNA–enzyme cleavage complex, preventing strand religation, and causing lethal double-strand breaks. These antibiotics are selectively...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Correction: Teaching From Afar: Development of a Telemedicine Curriculum for Healthcare Workers in Global Settings.

Cureus·2022
Same author

Teaching From Afar: Development of a Telemedicine Curriculum for Healthcare Workers in Global Settings.

Cureus·2022
Same author

Titanium Alkoxide-Based Regioselective Alkyne-Alkyne Reductive Coupling Mediated by In Situ Generated Arylamidate.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2020
Same author

Discovery of Macrocyclic Inhibitors of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2019
Same author

[4 + 2]-Cycloaddition and 1,4-Addition of ortho-Quinone Methides by a Chiral Crotyl Silane.

Organic letters·2018
Same author

Diastereodivergent Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydropyrrolodiazepinediones via a One-Pot Intramolecular aza-Michael/Lactamization Sequence.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028
09:08

From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028

Published on: January 13, 2017

Total synthesis of (-)-kendomycin.

Jason T Lowe1, James S Panek

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Metcalf Center for Science and Engineering, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

Organic Letters
|August 14, 2008
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a new enantioselective synthesis of (-)-kendomycin using an organosilane-based [4 + 2]-annulation strategy. An efficient samarium(II) iodide-assisted cyclization yields the protected macrocycle.

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Synthetic Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • (-)-Kendomycin is a complex natural product with potential therapeutic applications.
  • Efficient and stereoselective synthetic routes are crucial for accessing such molecules.
  • Previous syntheses may have limitations in terms of yield or scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel and efficient enantioselective synthesis of (-)-kendomycin.
  • To explore the utility of organosilane-based annulation and samarium(II) iodide-assisted cyclization in complex molecule synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Application of an organosilane-based [4 + 2]-annulation strategy for constructing the C1a-C10 fragment.
  • Utilizing samarium(II) iodide-assisted cyclization (intramolecular Barbier-type reaction) for macrocycle formation.

More Related Videos

The Logic, Experimental Steps, and Potential of Heterologous Natural Product Biosynthesis Featuring the Complex Antibiotic Erythromycin A Produced Through E. coli
10:41

The Logic, Experimental Steps, and Potential of Heterologous Natural Product Biosynthesis Featuring the Complex Antibiotic Erythromycin A Produced Through E. coli

Published on: January 13, 2013

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028
09:08

From a Natural Product to Its Biosynthetic Gene Cluster: A Demonstration Using Polyketomycin from Streptomyces diastatochromogenes Tü6028

Published on: January 13, 2017

The Logic, Experimental Steps, and Potential of Heterologous Natural Product Biosynthesis Featuring the Complex Antibiotic Erythromycin A Produced Through E. coli
10:41

The Logic, Experimental Steps, and Potential of Heterologous Natural Product Biosynthesis Featuring the Complex Antibiotic Erythromycin A Produced Through E. coli

Published on: January 13, 2013

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform
10:49

Antibiotic Dereplication Using the Antibiotic Resistance Platform

Published on: October 17, 2019

Main Results:

  • Successful enantioselective synthesis of (-)-kendomycin.
  • Efficient assembly of the key C1a-C10 fragment.
  • Formation of the protected macrocycle using a samarium(II) iodide-mediated cyclization.

Conclusions:

  • The described synthetic strategy provides a viable route to (-)-kendomycin.
  • Organosilane chemistry and samarium(II) iodide-mediated reactions are powerful tools in complex natural product synthesis.