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Gas discharge ion source. I. Duoplasmatron.

¹Sandia Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|April 1, 1978

Summary

Investigating plasma expansion cups in duoplasmatron ion sources revealed that a modified steel and boron nitride design significantly improved ion beam current and stability. This optimized cup enhances performance for scientific applications.

Area of Science:

Plasma Physics
Ion Source Technology
Materials Science

Background:

Duoplasmatron ion sources are critical for generating ion beams.
The plasma expansion cup influences ion beam characteristics.
Previous designs had limitations in performance and durability.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of different plasma expansion cup materials and potentials on duoplasmatron ion source operation.
To optimize the plasma expansion cup design for improved ion beam current, energy, mass, and current density distributions.
To enhance the durability of the anode insert.

Main Methods:

Experimental investigation of copper and mild steel plasma expansion cups.
Measurement of total ion current, ion energy distribution, ion mass distribution, and current density distribution.

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Testing of cups at anode potential and floating potential.

Design and testing of a modified cup with tapered steel walls and a boron nitride insert, using a molybdenum anode insert.

Main Results:

Copper cup resulted in a sharply peaked current density; steel cup at anode potential yielded flatter distributions but lower total current.
Steel cup at floating potential improved total current and current density flatness compared to the copper cup.
The modified tapered steel cup with boron nitride insert and molybdenum anode showed superior performance, achieving 200 mA total beam current at 24 A arc current.
Molybdenum anode insert demonstrated superior erosion resistance over copper.

Conclusions:

Plasma expansion cup material and electrical potential significantly impact duoplasmatron ion source performance.
A modified design combining tapered steel walls, boron nitride lining, and a molybdenum anode insert offers superior ion beam generation and durability.
The optimized design represents a significant advancement in duoplasmatron ion source technology.