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Donor variability in HIV binding to peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Joshua J Anzinger1, Gene G Olinger, Gregory T Spear
1Section of Experimental Atherosclerosis, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 5N111, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. anzingerjj@nhlbi.nih.gov
Virology Journal
|August 19, 2008
Summary
HIV binding to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) varies significantly between individuals. This virus binding variability is CD4-independent and influenced by changeable cell-surface factors, impacting HIV infection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- HIV infection variability arises from multiple replication steps.
- While HIV entry and post-entry variability are known, HIV binding variability remains unexamined.
- This study investigates HIV binding variability to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from diverse donors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantify the variability in HIV binding to PBMC among different individuals.
- To determine the relationship between HIV binding, CD4 expression, and viral replication.
- To assess the stability and influencing factors of HIV binding phenotypes.
Main Methods:
- Quantified HIV binding to PBMC from multiple donors.
- Assessed the correlation between HIV binding and CD4 expression.
- Monitored binding phenotypes over a 4-week period and across different HIV strains.
- Investigated potential associations between binding levels and specific PBMC cell subsets.
Main Results:
- HIV binding to PBMC showed up to 3.9-fold inter-individual variation and was CD4-independent.
- HIV replication in PBMC required CD4 and correlated with virus binding trends.
- Binding phenotypes were largely stable over 4 weeks and across HIV strains, though one donor's binding decreased.
- No correlation was found between HIV binding levels and specific PBMC cell subset proportions.
Conclusions:
- Significant differences exist in HIV binding to donor PBMC.
- HIV binding to PBMC is CD4-independent and can fluctuate, driven by changeable cell-surface host factors.
- Cell-surface factor variability in HIV binding to PBMC is a critical factor in HIV infection dynamics in vivo.
