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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Measuring Gene Expression in Bombarded Barley Aleurone Layers with Increased Throughput

Measuring Gene Expression in Bombarded Barley Aleurone Layers with Increased Throughput

Published on: March 30, 2018

Brassinosteroids regulate grain filling in rice.

Chuan-yin Wu¹, Anthony Trieu, Parthiban Radhakrishnan

¹Ceres Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, USA.

|August 19, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Genetically modified rice with enhanced brassinosteroid (BR) hormone levels produced more tillers and heavier seeds, increasing grain yield by up to 44%. This suggests BRs improve nutrient flow, offering new strategies for crop improvement.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Measuring Gene Expression in Bombarded Barley Aleurone Layers with Increased Throughput

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Breeding by Design for Functional Rice with Genome Editing Technologies

Breeding by Design for Functional Rice with Genome Editing Technologies

Published on: January 3, 2025

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Genetics
Agricultural Science

Background:

Hormone-regulating genes have been utilized to enhance grain yields in crops like wheat and rice.
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are crucial plant hormones influencing growth and development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of modulating brassinosteroid (BR) levels on rice grain yield.
To explore the underlying mechanisms by which BRs influence yield and seed development.

Main Methods:

Created transgenic rice plants expressing sterol C-22 hydroxylase genes from maize, rice, or Arabidopsis thaliana.
Utilized a promoter active in stems, leaves, and roots to control gene expression.
Conducted greenhouse and field trials to assess phenotypic changes and grain yield.
Performed microarray and photosynthesis analysis to investigate physiological changes.

Main Results:

Transgenic rice plants exhibited increased tillering, seed production, and seed weight, particularly at the base of spikes.
Grain yield per plant increased by 15–44% compared to wild-type plants.
BRs were shown to stimulate assimilate flow from source to sink.
Evidence of enhanced CO(2) assimilation, larger glucose pools in flag leaves, and increased glucose-to-starch conversion in seeds was observed.

Conclusions:

Modulating BR levels through sterol C-22 hydroxylase genes significantly enhances rice grain yield.
BRs play a key role in stimulating assimilate flow, contributing to improved seed filling and overall yield.
Targeting seed-filling traits via genetic manipulation holds potential for further increasing crop yields.