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Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Microbial Phylogeny01:28

Microbial Phylogeny

Understanding the evolutionary relationships among microorganisms is fundamental to microbial ecology and taxonomy. Phylogenetic trees are essential tools for inferring these relationships, relying primarily on comparative analyses of molecular sequences such as DNA, RNA, or proteins. In microbial studies, these trees typically depict the evolutionary paths of diverse bacterial and archaeal species by mapping genetic differences accumulated over time.Phylogenetic trees are composed of tips,...
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire...
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...
Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.The length of the branches can depict time or the relative amount of change among organisms. For instance, the branch length might indicate the number of amino acid changes in the sequence that underlies the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

Phylogenetic profiling.

Shailesh V Date1, José M Peregrín-Alvarez

  • 1PENN Center for Bioinformatics, Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 21, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phylogenetic profiles reveal gene and protein functions by comparing their presence across genomes. High profile similarity suggests proteins work together in cellular systems, aiding in the discovery of novel biological pathways.

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Last Updated: Jul 2, 2026

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
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08:03

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Published on: December 7, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Systems Biology

Background:

  • Phylogenetic profiles represent protein presence/absence across reference genomes.
  • Profile similarity indicates functional linkage between gene products.
  • This principle allows assigning functions to uncharacterized proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To leverage phylogenetic profiles for functional genomics.
  • To explore the potential of profile similarity in predicting protein function and interactions.
  • To demonstrate genome-wide functional linkage discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of phylogenetic profiles for proteins.
  • Calculation of similarity scores between these profiles.
  • Application of profile similarity for functional annotation and pathway inference.

Main Results:

  • High phylogenetic profile similarity correlates with shared membership in pathways and cellular systems.
  • Method enables functional assignment for previously uncharacterized proteins.
  • Genome-wide comparisons reveal extensive functional linkages, forming a 'functional interactome'.

Conclusions:

  • Phylogenetic profiling is a powerful approach for inferring protein function and biological pathways.
  • This method facilitates the discovery of both known and novel cellular systems.
  • It offers a scalable strategy for understanding genome-wide functional organization.