Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 2, 2026

A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
Published on: September 20, 2018
Ophthalmic manifestations of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome associated with Cryptococcus neoformans
Rahul N Khurana1, Micheal Javaheri, Narsing Rao
1Uveitis & Ocular Pathology, Dohney Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
Purpose:
To describe the ophthalmic manifestations of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) associated with Cryptococcus neoformans.
Methods:
Four HIV-positive patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) presented with marked optic disk swelling.
Results:
Three months after the episode of IRIS, 2 of the patients maintained 20/20 visual acuity whose elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) was successfully managed, while 2 patients visual acuities were worse than 20/400 whose ICP was persistently elevated.
Conclusion:
Cryptococcus is another opportunistic infectious organism associated with IRIS with ophthalmic manifestations. Ophthalmologists have the opportunity to play a key role in the early diagnosis and management to prevent serious visual loss.
Related Concept Videos
Cryptococcal Meningitis
Microbiome of the Eye
Glaucoma: Overview
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment